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Evidence Guide: PUADEFSU006B - Navigate using celestial aids in a survival situation

Student: __________________________________________________

Signature: _________________________________________________

Tips for gathering evidence to demonstrate your skills

The important thing to remember when gathering evidence is that the more evidence the better - that is, the more evidence you gather to demonstrate your skills, the more confident an assessor can be that you have learned the skills not just at one point in time, but are continuing to apply and develop those skills (as opposed to just learning for the test!). Furthermore, one piece of evidence that you collect will not usualy demonstrate all the required criteria for a unit of competency, whereas multiple overlapping pieces of evidence will usually do the trick!

From the Wiki University

 

PUADEFSU006B - Navigate using celestial aids in a survival situation

What evidence can you provide to prove your understanding of each of the following citeria?

Establish cardinal points by day using the sun

  1. Complete movement of the sun is recorded over a solar day using a sun compass constructed in an open and level area
  2. True north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun are annotated on the sun compass
  3. True north and associated cardinal points are notated using a quick shadow stick method and allowance is made for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting
Complete movement of the sun is recorded over a solar day using a sun compass constructed in an open and level area

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

True north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun are annotated on the sun compass

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

True north and associated cardinal points are notated using a quick shadow stick method and allowance is made for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Establish cardinal points by night using celestial aids

  1. Celestial bodies are identified in the sky and used to extrapolate the location of cardinal points directly
  2. Celestial bodies are identified in the sky and used to extrapolate the location of the celestial pole
  3. Celestial pole is used to extrapolate true south (or north) on the earth/sky horizon and a compass showing all cardinal points is established on the ground
Celestial bodies are identified in the sky and used to extrapolate the location of cardinal points directly

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Celestial bodies are identified in the sky and used to extrapolate the location of the celestial pole

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Celestial pole is used to extrapolate true south (or north) on the earth/sky horizon and a compass showing all cardinal points is established on the ground

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised direction measuring techniques

  1. An analysis is conducted, based upon the survival situation, and an appropriate direction of travel (if any) is selected to optimise survival or rescue
  2. An improvised protractor is made using a multi-folded sheet of paper and the desired angle of direction is annotated
  3. Protractor is aligned with the established cardinal points of the compass, and the annotated angle is used to select a coincident recognisable feature in the distance
  4. Recognisable feature or interim way-point is approached in a direct line from the start-point
An analysis is conducted, based upon the survival situation, and an appropriate direction of travel (if any) is selected to optimise survival or rescue

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

An improvised protractor is made using a multi-folded sheet of paper and the desired angle of direction is annotated

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Protractor is aligned with the established cardinal points of the compass, and the annotated angle is used to select a coincident recognisable feature in the distance

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recognisable feature or interim way-point is approached in a direct line from the start-point

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised time measuring techniques

  1. Elapsed time is estimated by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun's transit and applying an angle by rate calculation
  2. Elapsed time is estimated by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation
Elapsed time is estimated by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun's transit and applying an angle by rate calculation

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Elapsed time is estimated by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised distance measuring techniques

  1. Distance is estimated by counting number of paces taken and applying a paces by length of pace calculation
  2. Distance is estimated by travelling at constant estimated velocity and applying a velocity by time calculation
Distance is estimated by counting number of paces taken and applying a paces by length of pace calculation

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distance is estimated by travelling at constant estimated velocity and applying a velocity by time calculation

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Determine overall position relative to start point and navigate back

  1. Grid system using a standard scale is plotted on a sheet of paper, and cardinal points and start point are annotated
  2. Physical navigation movements are plotted as scaled vectors from the start point
  3. Individual navigation vectors are aggregated to determine final position relative to the start point
  4. Return vector is determined in order to return to the start point
Grid system using a standard scale is plotted on a sheet of paper, and cardinal points and start point are annotated

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Physical navigation movements are plotted as scaled vectors from the start point

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Individual navigation vectors are aggregated to determine final position relative to the start point

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Return vector is determined in order to return to the start point

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assessed

Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: _________

Signature: ________________________________________________

Comments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Instructions to Assessors

Evidence Guide

Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit

Assessment must confirm the ability to navigate:

5 km within a solar day, which may be broken into legs of not less than 1 km, but must include at least four legs, as part of a navigation circuit; on completion, navigators are to submit a vector diagram detailing their final position relative to their start point accurate to within 10 percent (of distance and direction)

5 km within 8 hours at night, which may be broken into legs of not less than 1 km, but must include at least four legs, as part of a navigation circuit; on completion, navigators are to submit a vector diagram detailing their final position relative to their start point accurate to within 10 percent (of distance and direction).

Assessment must also confirm the ability to:

Day - make adjustments for the shadow arc, dependent upon the time, when using only a partial segment of a solar day (maximum 20 minute fix) to locate the cardinal points; and to indicate true north to within 10 percent with a sun compass, using a 20 minute fix

Night - implement contingency skills when there is partial cloud in the night sky; and to employ five different celestial body indication techniques to locate the cardinal points, either directly or through extrapolation via the celestial pole.

Consistency in performance

Competency must be demonstrated at least once in a simulated survival situation.

Context of and specific resources for assessment

Context of assessment

Competency must be assessed in a simulated workplace environment.

While a person can demonstrate the technical ability to navigate using celestial aids, doing so in a survival situation is crucial; consequently, it is strongly recommended that holistic assessment be conducted with other associated survival units.

Assessment under simulated survival conditions should include:

food restrictions (food should be restricted to half the recommended daily caloric intake)

the absence of normal living conditions and amenities such as showers, beds and bedding (warmth to be provided by fire), kitchens etc. with the attendant levels of personal discomfort and fatigue

a significant period of time - the recommendation is four days.

Specific resources for assessment

Access to a suitable assessment area with no artificial navigation reference points that would assist the individual, such as towers and power lines; and paper and pen

Guidance information for assessment

Information that will assist or guide assessment will be written during Phase II of the Review of the PUA00 Public Safety Training Package.

Required Skills and Knowledge

This describes the essential skills and knowledge and their level, required for this unit.

Required Skills

identify celestial bodies

basic mathematics:

distance travelled:

velocity x time

pace length x number of paces

elapsed time:

rate of (apparent) movement of sun (15 degrees/hour x solar angle subtended)

rate of (apparent) movement of night sky around the celestial pole (15 degrees/hour x angle subtended by nominated celestial body)

Required Knowledge

angles (in degrees)

basic physics (velocity/distance/time)

cardinal points:

magnetic

true

earth's orbit and rotation in relation to the sun and night sky including the celestial pole phenomenon

Range Statement

The Range Statement relates to the Unit of Competency as a whole. It allows for different work environments and situations that may affect performance. Bold italicised wording in the Performance Criteria is detailed below.

Associated cardinal points include

South

East

West

Quick shadow stick method includes

Maximum of 20 minutes of solar transit

Celestial bodies may include

Nebulae

Moon

Planets

Stars (including constellations of stars)

Celestial pole may be

North

South

Recognisable features may include

Celestial body

Prominent geographic feature

Way points may include

Distinguishable trees

Hillocks/mounds

Constant estimated velocity includes

Walking pace of 4 km/h

Physical navigation movements include

Direction

Distance

Return vector includes

Bearing

Distance